Mechanical governor with spring supported wedge shaped governor weights



Sept. 23, 1952 o. E. HINTZ awn.- 2,611,603

. MECHANICAL GOVERNOR WITH I I 1 SPRING SUPPORTED WEDGE SHAPED GOV OR WEIGHTS Filed pt. 194a 31 fiwazd Q. fie Zefia wf Patented Sept. 23, 1952 SUPPORTED WEDGE N OB WEIGHTS .SH YE f i one E. Hintz and, Howard A; Heckendorf, chi

cago, Ill., assignors to InternationalHarvester Company, a corporation of Nevv Jersey Application September 30, 1948, Serial No. 51,958

. This invention relates ernor. More particularly, this invention-relates to a governor adapted .to controlthe speed of electricmotors. r 1' The use of high-speed electric motors has be-. come extremely popular in the field of appliances and other mechanisms where high-speed rotation of operation is desirable. By directly connecting the; mech anism to be driven to the shaft of the. electric motor, high speeds of operation have been accomplished with a minimum of expense and with satisfactory results. This is especially true in the field of cream separators where a separating bowl-must be driven at extremely high speeds of rotation. The direct drive from a highspeed electric motor was found to be desirable. In connection with this type of mechanism, however, it was discovered that constant speeds of. rotation wereexceedingly difiicult to maintain without the use of an adequate and positive governing". device. Inherent current fluctuations, loadvariations and wear within the motorwere responsible for numerous speed variations which,

of course, would have undesirable. effects on the. Most mechanical separation of thejmaterial. governors were found to be unsatisfactory since thenumber of moving partsimade it necessary to have constant service, lubrication, and other at: tention by the operator. The governing tolerances within which ordinary governors operated were difficult to determine since the inherent friction of the governor could not loeadequately' calculated. Fluid-type governors generally would be effected by atmospheric changes and thus magnify rather than diminish the speed varia tions which might occur in the operation of the electric motor. Applicants have developed a novel type of mechanical governor adapted for use with an electric motor. A prime object of their invention'is'to provide a mechanical gOV- ernor for a high-speed motor, the mechanical governor including a design having itscomponent parts arranged to eliminate to a maximum degree the friction ordinarily found within a mechanical governing device. j v

Still another object is to provide a governor forusewith a high-speed electric motor, said governor being constructed'to eliminate to the grestest possible extentthe speed variations of the motor. v

Another object is to provide an improved me chanical governor that may operate over long per-looser time without service and without thene'ed ofcontinual maintenance and lubrication. Still another object is to provide a mechanical governor adapted for use with ahlectri'cal .2 claims. (015264-18) to a mechanical govmotor,.said governor including a pair 'of governor weights which are pivoted on a knife edge thereby providing .for a minimum of .friction, said governorweights being arranged to be-swung cut wardly and inwardly onthe knife edge, thereby reciprocating a plunger arranged to controlthe flow of electrical energy to the motor. These and otherobiects will become more readily apparentupon the reading of the specification when examined.- in connection with the drawing. -i

Fig. 1 .is-a secti nal view through an improved governor. I 3 Y i l ig. 2 is a sectional-view1takenialong'theline 2- -2 of Fig.1;

Referring particularly to Fig. 1, a lower armature shaft 28 extendsdownwardly from-amelectrio motoror power unit;( not'sh0Wn) A- speedgovernor which isconnected. to the shaft .28.;is generally designated by the reference character 30; The speedgovernorti) includes a casing 3I. The casing comprises a cover 32* having an upwardly extending-. centrally .disposed connecting collar 3 3. The cover 32 maybe ne d hs aaine3 b n i s r w 34:- Theconhecting collar 33 includesia central bore 35 which is adapted to be-placedin telescoping. engagement with the lower armature shaft; 28; The} collar- 33 also. includes a transverse threaded bore .36 :within which is threadedaloci; screw 31. adapted .torigidly secure the. governor 30 to the armature shaft 28.

The. lower end of the casing 3| is provided with. acentrallylocate'd opening 38. This opening 38 is defined by the lower peripheral edge of an inwardly extending annular flange 39 in the governor casing 3|. The collar 40 has a centrally located threaded bore M. The collar 40 includes an .annular undercut shoulder 42 which is pos'i tioned ion the annular flange 39 and,.is securely connected thereto by a plurality of screws 43. A: guidemembei' orjsupport 44 is adapted to be screwed into the threaded collar 40. The guide member includes a peripherallyextending thread 45 and key holesf46 q A vertical bore 41 extends centrally within'fthe guide. member 44., The key holes 46 may be engaged by a suitable wrench for threading the guide member .44 into-the collar 40, The guideme nber 44 also includes a turned down or undercutportion 48 providinga spring seat 49. A spring" is seated upon the'spring seat 49 andencircles the portion 48. The spring 50 has itsupper end in engagement with a plunger head- 5'l."-The plunger'had 5| is provided with an upper arcuate surface 52. The plunger head 5i isthreaded to the upper end of a plunger or 60 is disposed at the upper end of the body 59 and is adapted to pivot on a pivot member 61. Each pivot member 5| is disposed at opposite-sidesof' the control rod 53 and is secured tothe upper portion of the governor casing by means of the screws 34. The pivot members each includeza 7 4 position. Thus an effective governing action is maintained.

The governor is extremely sensitive and the arrangement of parts is such that accuracy and constant speed are maintained within a range of onei-per' center the speediof rotation. Atmospheric changes do not in any way'efiect the operation of the governor and the novel design is such that lubrication and service are not necessary. The governor weights 58 are continually pressed nto rocking engagement with the pivot member 6! by means of the flexible band 63. It may readily be appreciated that the knife edges 50 are such that a minimum amount of friction is present and therefore the element of friction need not be calculated in setting the governor to accomplish the particular speed control that is recessed surface which serves as a fulcrum for p the knife edge of each governor weight 58. The

governor weights 58 are adapted to rock or pivot on their knife edges :within' these recessed fulcrums 62. A flexible element or 1 band 63 :is' pro-' vicled for retaining'the governorweights 58' in' pressing. engagement with the recessed surface 6220f the pivot member 6|. 'Theflexible' element 63 is provided with a central opening :63 through which the upper end of the plunger 53extends The flexible band 63 1s connected to the plunger 53 =and head'5l by means" of a retaining washer 64 and nut 64 which are rigidly 'threadedonto the upper end of the plunger 53. The governor weights '58 are also each provided with an inwardly bent arcuate guide member 65. The arouate guide members-155'areadaptedto connect the lower portions of the flexible band-63 m the governor weig'hts" 58. Phe' lowerendsof the band 63 extend over the arcuate g-uidemembers 65 and are connected-to the bodies 59 0f the governor weights 'by means of rivets 'or other securing means '56. The spring 50 normally urges the plunger 53 upwardly. As'the plunger 53 isurged upwardly, the head5l also'pushes the flexible band 63- upwa-rdly, thus in turn pressing the gove'rnor weights 58 into engagement with the ful crums fli Inward movement of the governor weights 'is limited by 'anan'nular shoulder '48 o'fithe guide'me'mber 44. The term upper and flower-=are of course used in-a descriptive sense onlyinview ofthe vertical position of the governor as illustrated. It is understood that the governor may be operated in otherpositionsthan the one shown. H I

I-t mustbe' understood that the-governing device may beutilized with any high-speed electric motor regardless of the 'machinewith which the motor is "utilized.

lnxo'p'eration the governor 3flis rotated by the armature shaft 28 of an electric motor (not shown). At a predetermined speed of rotation the governor weights 58 are pivoted outwardly. As thegovernor weights 58 are rocked outwardly, the rockingmovement is such that the knife or wedge shaped pivot edges 60 are rockedwithin therecessed .surfaces or fulcrums .62. :As 'the governor weightsarethus swung outwardly the flexible band 63 forces the plunger head 5! downwardly, .the -plunger head being. in engagement witha suitableelectrical control or switch (not shown) for shutting off theelectrical current to the; electric motor. This shutting off of the cur-- rent .is, ofcourse, immediately effective to slow down the operation of the motor and the rotarequired. The governor weights 58 are sensitive to an ever increasing speed and are arranged to positively react to the minute variations which may occur in the operation ofahigh-speed electric motor. 'It'can be seen, therefore, that'the objects and-purposes of the invention have been satisfactorily accomplished and thata-novel mechanical governor has been provided which' will providea practicalcontrol for a high-speed electric motor. It must be understood that changes and modifications may be madewhich do'not'departfrom the spirit of the invention as disclosed nor the scope thereof asdefinedin the appended claims. l

What is claimed is: 1. In a speed governor having a casing adapted to be rotatedby the drive shaft" or an electric motor, an upwardly extending tubular support a plungerarranged to'reciprocatewithin saidsupport,said plunger having-a portion projecting outwardly from the casing; a resilient member connected to said plunger for. normally urging the same vertically, inwardly directed. arcuate members disposed .on.opposite.sides of'the plunger, governor weights disposed at opposite sides of :theplung'er, eachweight including a relatively narrow body, the lower portion of .said body being connected. to aninwardly directed arcuatememher, a relatively thin flexible band having a por t'ion engaging the plunger and lhaving its ends engagingthe arcuate members for connection .to the governor weights, said band beingarranged to react against the resilient member of said plunger, a pivot member. for .each' governor weight, each member .having a recessedvsurface, a diverging edge portion adjacentthe upper end of each' governor weight, said edgeportions engaging the recessed surfaces in rocking'relation, said wei hts being arranged to pivot on the. .diverging edgesupon rotation of said casing whereby the lower ends of said weights are swungIoutwardly and said plunger is reciprocated.

2. In a speedgovernor having a rotatable casin adapted to be rotated by the drive shaft-ofa powerunit, a plunger adapted .to 'be-reciprocated within said casing, governor weights disposed .on opposite sides of the plunger, each governor 7 weight having a narrow body, including atone end awedge shaped pivot edge, a flexiblegenerally;u-shaped band in engagement withthe plunger, the band having. end portions thereof disposed on opposite sides of said plunger and extendingin a firstdirection, means connecting the end portions of the band to the narrow :body of the governor weights at an opposite end with respect, to the wedge shaped pivot edge, saidweights extending angularly-in a second direction opposite .to the direction of extension of :said

1 end portions of the band, a pivot member for REFERENCES CITED each weight Supported on the casing each pivot The following references are of record in the Ibnember including a retcess, 1and a resiliefit memm f this patent;

er arranged o urge he p unger in a ird direction thereby urging the weights bodily in the 5 UNITED STATES PATENTS same direction as said third direction and the Number i Name Date pivot edges in engagement with the recesses of 1, 90,593 Russell July 11, 1916 the pivot members for rocking contact there- 2,099,050 Chamberlain Nov. 18, 1937 with, the governor weights being swingable out- 2,14 ,772 Stadler Dec. 27, 1938 wardly during rotation of said casing whereby 10 2,341,624 Kieser Feb. 15. 1944 said plunger is moved in a fourth direction oppo- 2,392,265 Ricardo Jan. 1, 1946 site to said third direction. 2,416,973 Wright Mar. 4, 1947 OTTO E. HINTZ v FOREIGN PATENTS HOWARD A. HECKENDORF. 15 Number Cmmtry Date 305,360 Germany May 1, 1918 

